作者：Andre Cao（巴西战舞中国）
网址：www.baxizhanwu.com
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音乐
节奏是的脉搏，歌声是灵魂。巴西战舞里的音乐可以让练习者展开一场令人眼花缭乱的高速对战，也可以让他们进行一场慢速的游戏，体验历史和传统对身心的洗礼。音乐是巴西战舞的基本组成部分，没有音乐的巴西战舞就不完整。
Berimbau 弓弦（译音：比灵宝）
Berimbau音乐和巴西战舞音乐几乎就是同义词。通过击打不同的节奏，Berimbau用音乐来控制巴西战舞的游戏规则（可以是快速的Regional风格、亦或慢速的Angola风格）。Berimbau看起来就像一张大弓，上面紧紧系着一根被称作Arame的钢线，其实这就是取自汽车橡胶轮胎中的钢线。一个中空的葫芦壳（叫做Cabaca）通过细线被固定在Berimbau的主杆上用以产生共鸣。通过用一根被称为Baqueta的小木棍敲击钢线就可以发出声音。同时，一种叫做Caxixi类似拨浪鼓的藤编乐器会同时挂在拿Baqueta的手上用以辅助节奏。
Cabaca的体积大小很大程度上决定了Berimbau的音色。按体积由大到小的顺序（随着体积的减小，音调随之变高）排列，一共有三种不同的Cabaca：Gunga是其中最主要的一个，通常是大师亲自手持，用来演奏歌曲的基准音；然后是稍小的Medio；最小的Viola会被用来产生即兴的小节奏变化。
一个被称为Pedra的小石头会被拿在手中，通过积压钢线来产生不同的声音。同时通过Cabasa与演奏者腹部的接触也会产生不同的音乐变化。最为观众一定要亲眼所见亲耳听闻才会相信这种虽然原始、却又会让人赞叹不已的乐器演奏方式。
虽然现今所使用的Berimbau材质各式各样，但是神圣的Beriba树干木材依旧被人认为是最佳的材质选择。传说中认为一定要在满月的午夜去收集这种树木，Berimbau对巴西战舞的修习者来说有着明显的精神含义，在巴西战舞中乃是至高无上的存在。
Atabaque 大立鼓
Atabaque是巴西战舞轮圈练习中所使用的一种立式大鼓，看起来类似古巴的康加鼓（Congus）但被认为是不同的乐器。鼓面一般都是由牛皮或鹿皮所制，并通过金属圆环、绳线、以及木楔固定起来。演奏时一般会被放在铁架之上。
Pandeiro 手鼓
Pandeiro像是一般小手鼓的放大版。因为体积较小而又便于携带，Pandeiro往往是巴西战舞练习者被最常携带的乐器。巴西战舞手鼓的鼓面一般为野兽皮毛所做成，古老的Pandeiro鼓面也有使用蛇皮制成的。在巴西Pandeiro也是桑巴音乐中的一部分，通过变换手掌的击打方式以及位置就可以产生出不同的音乐节奏。
Music
Rhythm is the heartbeat of capoeira and song is the soul. Music can make a game very fast and hard, call capoeiristas to perform acrobatic feats, or it can make a game slow and remind them of old traditions and history. Music is essential to Capoeira, without it, Capoeira is not complete.
Berimbau
Berimbau music is almost synonomis with capoeira. Said to “command the circle”, the berimbau detetmines the kind of game (angola, regional, etc.) by playing the appropriate rhythm or toque. The berimbau looks like a bow tightly tied with a steel wire (arame), which is extracted from the inside of car tires. A hollow gourd (cabasa) is tied to the shaft (pau) of the berimbau for extra resonance. The string used to secure the cabasa to the berimbau is also used to balance the berimbau on the smallest finger of the hand. Noise is created by striking the arame with a slight wooden stick called a baqueta. A woven rattle called a caxixi usually accompanies the hand holding the baqueta.
The size of the gourd (cabaca) largely dictates the overall tone of each berimbau and there a three types, in order of decreasing size and rising pitch: Gunga – the lead berimbau holds a steady base line; Medio; and Viola – upon which the majority of improvised variations are played.
To vary the sound, a coin (dobrao) or a stone (pedra), held in the same hand as the berimbau, is pressed against the arame. Pressing firmly raises the pitch by approximately a whole note. Pressing loosly creates a buzzing sound. Variations can also be created by pressing the mouth (boca) of the cabasa against the belly.
Although many types of wood may be used in its construction, the wood of the sacred Beriba tree is considered to be the finest. It is said that it should be harvested from the forest at midnight of a full moon. The berimbau has overt spiritual connotations, it is an icon of paramount significance in capoeira.
Atabaque
Atabaque is a large drum used in capoeira rodas. The skin is made from cow hide (couro de boi), and tightened through a system of metal rings, rope and wooden wedges.
Pandeiro
A pandeiro is a large version of a tamborine. Small and portable, pandeiros are a common addition to capoeira rodas everywhere. Capoeira pandiero skins are generally made from streched animal skin, some older pandeiros are even made from the snake skin! In Brazil, pandeiros are also an integral part of samba music. Different tones are produced by varying the hand slap and region struck.
